C language basics

                                           What is C language?

The C language is developed by Dennis Ritchie in the year 1970’s at Bell Laboratories. It was designed for programming of operating system called as UNIX. Almost about UNIX operating system comes with C compiler itself are written in C.

C language basic image-1

It is a middle level language. It also high level language as well as the power of a low level language. C is a small level language there are have 32 English words know as if, else, break, for and so on.  C contains control structured program, it is considered a structured programming language. It includes selection like as if… else, switch, reception while, do while, for and exit (break).

C compiler program with some collection of one or more functions. Every function are collection of statements and works as some specific task. See general structure of C program:

Comments, global variables, preprocessor directives, main() functions, local variables, statements and so on.

Comments are use anywhere in a program and are enclosed with /* and */. Comments are used generally of documentation purpose.

Before execution of program starts with main() function. It has two parts one is declaration of local variables and statements. It also execute one by one, other functions are user defined functions, it may be possible of some variables have to used in many functions.

Environment for C has execution of C program are as:

1.       Program creation

2.       Program compilation

3.       Program execution

It is a command line for C compiler is provided with UNIX operating system.

The main 32 keywords are for doing specific tasks. It is predefined meaning in C. it has always in lowercase, available in C which is given below:

Auto, break, extern, float, for, goto, if, int, long, register, return, short, signed, sizeof, static, struct, switch, typedef, union, case, char, const, continue, default, do, double, else, enum, unsigned, void, volatile, while.

The above keywords are predefined and can’t be changed by user while identifiers are user defined words and also give names to entities like variables, functions, structures, arrays etc.

The identifiers are there in C language it is C is case sensitive the uppercase and lowercase letters are used different. For example: code, Code, CODE is three different identifiers.

Computer stuff kit tricks of Topics 41.

Embedded systems - Micro controller 8052, SRAM, FLASH and EEPROM memories.

What is Motherboard or main board in computer?

Home automation in Embedded system microcontroller based project

Home automation with TV remote

How to do home automation light and fan with TV remote?

Embedded system microcontroller 8052 series making home automation light and fan operate with any TV remote.  Mainly use Keil c coding program can making operate between input and output pins of microcontroller 8052.  First take microcontroller at89s52 40 pin, tsop1738 sensor, microcontroller development board, 5v DC power supply and remote rc5.

Embedded system micro controller 8052 development board

Keil C coding

#include <reg51.H>

#define SWPort P1 // port definition

sbit IR = P3^0; // pin's definitions

sbit SW1 = P1^0;

sbit SW2 = P1^1;

sbit SW3 = P1^2;

sbit SW4 = P1^3;

sbit SW5 = P1^4;

sbit SW6 = P1^5;

sbit SW7 = P1^6;

sbit SW8 = P1^7;

void delay_3024ms(); // delay function for 3.024ms

void delay_1728ms();

void delay_4752ms(); // delay function for 4.752ms

void ReadAddr(void); // Read Address

void ReadCmd(void); // Read Command

bit ReadBit(void); // Read Bit

unsigned char temp,addr,cmd; // result in the form of Commands,Address

bit FLIP,TOG=0; // bits

char buffer[50];

void main() // main program

{

TMOD=0X01; // timer 0 mode 1 (16 bit mode)

SWPort=0x00;

while(1)

{

while(IR==1);

delay_3024ms();

FLIP=IR;

delay_4752ms();

ReadAddr();

ReadCmd();

P1=cmd;

}

}

void delay_3024ms(void) // delay of ms

{

TH0=0XF5; // 3.024ms

TL0=0X1D;

TR0=1;

while(TF0==0);

TR0=0;

TF0=0;

}

void delay_1728ms(void) // delay of 1.728ms

{

TH0=0XF9; //TH0=0XF9; // 1.728ms

TL0=0XC7; //TL0=0XC7;

TR0=1;

while(TF0==0);

TR0=0;

TF0=0;

}

void delay_4752ms(void) // delay of 1.728ms

{

TH0=0XEE; // 4.752ms

TL0=0XE4;

TR0=1;

while(TF0==0);

TR0=0;

TF0=0;

}

bit ReadBit(void)

{

return(IR); // return value of IR line

}

 

void ReadCmd(void)

{

unsigned char i;

cmd = 0;

for (i=0;i<6;i++)

{

cmd|=ReadBit()? 0x01<<i:cmd;

delay_1728ms();

P1=cmd;

}

}

void ReadAddr(void)

{

unsigned char i;

addr = 0;

for (i=0;i<5;i++)

{

addr|=ReadBit()? 0x01<<i:addr;

delay_1728ms();

}

}

The above code is for operate lights and fan through TSOP1738 sensor, the sensor pins +5v, Gnd, output these three pins are  connect output pin to Port P3.0 pin.  You can connect port 1 pin 1.0 to pin 1.7 total 8 pins connect to devices like three lights, two fans, bed light so on. You can operate with TV remote button 0 to 9 operate can do ON and OFF.

Computer stuff kit tricks of Topics 40.

Blog traffic – how to increase traffic to website

Embedded systems - Micro controller 8051, SRAM, FLASH and EEPROM memories.

Mobile Internet connection - Browsers like Google chrome, Mozilla Firefox.

Desktop or Laptop Troubleshoot - Monitor, Processor, Hard disk RAM and ROM.

Motherboard connection

How to give connection to Motherboard or Main board?

Motherboard or Main board has buses travelled through wires like as 32-bit or 64-bit processor have. There are several components such as capacitors, resistors, transformers, pins, power supply pins, IDE cables for CD ROM drivers, Hard disk IDE cables or SATA HDD and so on.

On motherboard have PCI slot for external devices to use for other task or application, through PCI slot we use LAN card for internet purpose or TV tuners for television purpose.

Some have Graphic chord is use for display resolutions to adjust with settings, monitor which resolutions are perfect through Graphic drivers. You need to install graphic drivers through CD.

Cabin have led’s such as Power LED, HDD LED, USB, Power button, reset button wires already had in cabinet, here you need to fix mother board or main board and processor fan wires 4 pins, power supply 24 pins and 2 pins for processor side. Give connect from cabinet to mother board or main board to male pins.

On motherboard have PCI slot connect LAN chord and give ip address 192.168.1.1 go to command or win + R for RUN and type CMD or command then after open window or application to check networking or internet with some commands.

WIN + R for RUN image-1

If you want to check network website then, go to RUN and type CMD and type nslookup your website ex: nslookup example.com then press enter. It display about the ip address like 127.0.0.1 regarding website servers.

Command for website image-2

Now, how to connect cabinet wires pins to motherboard male pins, before giving connections here have symbols like + or – or mark with white color on motherboard or main board to do connections wires of power button pins, power LED pins so on.

When power button ON then appear Green LED glow, it means computer or system on internally boot the motherboard through bios setup by display about RAM speed, HDD disk, you need to install or format the operating system called as OS.

Newly installed OS you need to install on Motherboard other software such as MS office, PDF, WIN RAR, Graphic drivers or display drivers, audio drivers or sound drivers and so on.

Computer stuff kit tricks of Topics 39.

What are components on motherboard?

What is KEIL software application?

How to resolve URL not on google?

Motherboard Components

What is motherboard?

Motherboard is a electronic components fixed like RAM, processor, PCI slot, ROM, USB port, VGA port, Keyboard, mouse, LAN port etc., It have SMPS to operate motherboard with 5volts, 12volts, 3.3volts run the computer. It has CMOS for time and data of system. It will run machinery language 0 and 1, 32-bit or 64-bit bus of processor with operating system (OS) windows 7, 8, 10. On motherboard have resistors capacitors, small IC, diodes, processor socket, power supply male all are on board PCB fixed the devices called as Motherboard.

Motherboard components image-1

There is different motherboard or processor companies like as G41, AMD, Celeron, and Intel processor can run with support of motherboard for it.

The motherboard is a PCB (printed circuit board) has 2 or 3 layers wires buses travelling binary 0 and 1 machinery language. In motherboard have North Bridge and south bridge IC with heat sink component.

 Printed circuit board (PCB) has single layer buses travelling with machinery language 0 and 1. It has negative is zero and positive is one travelling from one place to another place through wires connected to IC pins. It has female and male pins for connector device. In motherboard near processor socket fix the processor like Intel, core to duo, Pentium, small micro pins are there.

The motherboard have AMIBIOS and AWARD BIOS it have ROM store data operation can change settings by pressing DEL or F2 to go which have like DVD writer, CD Rom, USB and parallel port.

Inbuilt or on board chip to run fast application in computer by run fast through processor and RAM (Random Access Memory). RAM has different like DDR2, DDR3 so on. It have 128 bit RAM, 1GB ram, 2GB Ram up to 64GB ram slot on motherboard. If you got trouble like display black screen then replace RAM once clean dust on motherboard RAM slot.

If got problem not getting beep sound check the speaker connectors. It connected next step is clean processor wait 10 seconds and replace it. When power ON not booting replace jumper settings near CMOS battery available.

Power supply SMPS voltages image-2

After remove the RAM or processor then not coming beep sound, then check SMPS power supply problem, Atx 24 pins, 4 pins connector with voltage 12v, 5v, 3.3v are there, take power supply SMPS and connect to motherboard female connector of SMPS male connector. Even if not come then purchase NEW motherboard.

If OS (operating system) win 7, or xp the file in system 32 folder have .dll file. If you delete .dll then after restart OS file corrupted then again format the OS operating system Win xp or win 7, 8, 10 by selecting first boot device CD Rom then put xp or win 7 OS CD into CD rom or DVD writer then follow step how to install OS. It will ask press any key to format, press any keyword from keyboard then start OS installation process.

Computer stuff kit tricks of Topics 38.

Blog traffic – how to increase traffic to website

Embedded systems - Micro controller 8051, SRAM, FLASH and EEPROM memories.

Mobile Internet connection - Browsers like Google chrome, Mozilla Firefox.

Desktop or Laptop Troubleshoot - Monitor, Processor, Hard disk RAM and ROM.

WordPress Website and Plugins Active - website java, HTML code for Adsense.

Computer server and IP address – what are server and IP address usage.

Robots txt in google search console - Crawling, Index and sitemap generator.

Hex file in Keil software

How to create hex file in Keil software?

First go to Google and type as “Keil c51 software free download”, you get software and give details about your information and download it then, after install the keil c51 software into your laptop or desktop.

The Keil c51 software is used for program into microcontroller of flash programming in embedded C program code. It is use for operate by commanding or instruction to IC (integrated circuit). IC is micro controller 8051 have families 80xx, many companies have like micro controllers. For example: if you want to blink light of a delay. It should write in embedded C code program by using Keil C51 software. The micro controller runs with 1 and 0 machinery language by assembled code #move R0 A.

Keil C51 software - image-1

The assembled language was binary code 0 and 1. It have 4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit and 64-bit of micro controller and configured with 8-bit port pins 40-pin vcc DIP (dual inline pack). It can run command by embedded C code or program into ROM of micro controller through Keil software. For example embedded C code is Port 1.1 pin connected LED bulb for blink delay (1000) command by run program through Keil software in embedded C code. It must select hex decimal code machinery language 16-bit binary language of hex.

The Keil c51 software have to check before embedded program into IC or micro controller in Keil software have to check peripheral port-1, port-2, port-3, port-4 option are available can use here to check program execution into micro controller or IC.

Keil C51 software - image-2

The micro controller has 64k ROM to program or code dump into the ROM memory. It operates ROM memory instruction through embedded C program by Keil software flash memory dump into the ROM memory location with instruction software. If you want to check before making project, you can check in Keil c51 software then, go to peripheral click it, then available port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4.

When written embedded C coding above example check port 1 which given instruction port selected. The Keil software also program ARM, ARM9, ARM11 means (Advance Reduce Machine).  It use for major projects can do embedded C program. When created hex file then install drivers of flash program equipment then only dump hex file into the ROM memory.

Computer stuff kit tricks of Topics 37.

Blog traffic – how to increase traffic to website

Embedded systems - Micro controller 8051, SRAM, FLASH and EEPROM memories.

Mobile Internet connection - Browsers like Google chrome, Mozilla Firefox.

Desktop or Laptop Troubleshoot - Monitor, Processor, Hard disk RAM and ROM.

URL not on google

How to change URL not on google?

When comes “url not on google”, you can check the blogger or website crawler settings if any change it occur the message as “URL not on google”. If you using mobile internet, it shows the message as “url not on google”. You must check LAN chord network internet can check here it is shows as “URL on google”.

In google search console verify ownership then start crawling blogger or website. The main settings is robots.txt give correct syntax to robots.txt for blogger or website, for more details click now about robots.txt.

Google search console - url inspection-image-1

Before commencing any blogger or website, you must follow these steps:

1.       Check robots.txt

2.       Check blogger settings on errors or crawling

3.       Check blogger header tags, achieve and pages search tags and pages or posts tags.

4.       Check which internet using mobile or LAN internet broadband.

When getting error message as “not found 404”, which have change url address then shows as error as “404”. It comes by using the mobile internet of message as “not found 404”.

Better use LAN chord internet broadband internet such message not come as “url not on google”, see the screen shot for your reference.

Google search console - url inspection-image-2

If comes message as “404” old url to new url in blogger settings as “Error and redirects” use old url in custom 404 and custom redirects. If you want more details click now about old url to new url.

If you check url inspection then coming message as “ url not on google”, then check live test and request as index. It take time 24 hours or more to update. If you get not index in coverage or pages, then request to validation and wait 24 hours or more to update.

How to know indexed or not?

If you want to know index then type as “site:example.com” it shows about index with meta description. You must check to rank a url or website give keywords to mega description to crawl the keywords to search about your niche.

If you use related keywords then get click related url to find the queries. In google search console shows in coverage or pages or performance to check how it will run by watching queries, countries, device, url etc., by observing impression daily basis to know the ranking by watching impressions. If you follow above described you can rectify the errors by inspecting url’s.

Computer stuff kit tricks of Topics 36.

Fix the website browsing error - Proxy settings, Internet Properties, Antivirus.

Embedded systems - Micro controller 8051, SRAM, FLASH and EEPROM memories.

How to get blog traffic- To know about how traffic increase.

How to get blog traffic

 How to do blog traffic

Before starting blog or website, need to collect the data or information. If you do SEO correct way then start to increase traffic of your blog or website. First gather information of any topic select the keyword’s apply your blog post or content. Go to google then search related keywords. Put into the blog post or content. It will run in search engine SEO. If you put keywords related topics or data then slowly increase traffic of your blog or website.

First step header h1 title of your blog main title must remaining h2, h3 tag body of the data or content. When posting any topic need to gather related keywords or content same. Some are have blogger traffic generator, can make easy getting traffic, another way is back-links. Create back-links it is like mouth to mouth data or post to increase traffic.

Google search console Image-1

To get ranking and more traffic, you should maintain google search console and robot txt, in google search console check performance have impressions, if gets impressions then consider website or blog is running traffic. When check URL inspection not in google then do live check if available then request index. If you get index blog urls then start to increase traffic.

Once updated in google search console of your website or blog need to wait three months to six months, be patience. It will collect data or information from search engine web crawler through robots.txt. Robots.txt is a web crawler, it is use for instruct to bots, there are so many bots, you can instruct of your website or blog. Already posted about robots.txt once refer.

Google search console Image-2

Sitemap.xml is to index the pages through google search console, once created automatic update as last read. Sitemap is a map for your website or blog data along with url submission. If you want to check wheather it is indexed or not, then use site:yourwebite domain type as ex:site:www.example.com to list out the index shows with url and description.

Google search console Image-3

To get more views of your page from website or blog need to follow above steps to get success of your website. If you get “not in google” message comes then search in url inspection, whether index or not once checked click request index. It will take to update within 24 or 36 hours. Remember sitemap, url inspection and verify site ownership to get successful result to get traffic.

Computer stuff kit tricks of Topics 35.

Fix the website browsing error - Proxy settings, Internet Properties, Antivirus.

Embedded systems - Micro controller 8051, SRAM, FLASH and EEPROM memories.

GSM / GPRS Tracking - Mobiledata 2G, 3G and 4G LTE cellular network.

Mobile Internet connection - Browsers like Google chrome, Mozilla Firefox.

Desktop or Laptop Troubleshoot - Monitor, Processor, Hard disk RAM and ROM.